my country’s construction waste landfills are gradually turning into history. Each year 1.8 billion tons of construction waste will enter the stage of resource utilization. Under the catalysis of favorable policies, construction waste treatment companies will also enter the “no-money” mode of relying on government subsidies. The new blue ocean of environmental protection.
The "Report on the Implementation of the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Environmental Pollution by Solid Wastes" shows that the amount of solid waste produced in my country continues to grow, and the situation of solid waste pollution prevention and control is becoming increasingly severe.
With the acceleration of urban construction and transformation, the problems of construction waste pollution and garbage siege have become increasingly serious. By 2020, the amount of construction waste generated in my country will reach 2.6 billion tons. From the perspective of resource utilization, the overall recycling rate of construction waste in my country is less than 10%, which is far lower than 90% in European and American countries and 95% in Japan and South Korea. The treatment method is still in the extensive landfill and stacking stage.
The amount of construction waste is increasing exponentially
Construction waste is a type of waste, which refers to all kinds of waste generated in the process of demolition, new construction, reconstruction, maintenance, decoration and natural disasters of buildings and structures. It mainly includes waste concrete blocks, asphalt concrete blocks, bricks and tiles, Miscellaneous soil and various solid wastes such as mortar and concrete, broken bricks, metal, wood, decoration waste, various packaging materials, and other wastes scattered during the construction process. Because the waste generated by land excavation, road excavation and building materials production waste can generally be fully (recycled) used, construction waste generally refers to old building demolition waste and construction waste.
The composition of the waste from the demolition of old buildings is related to the types of buildings: Among the abandoned old residential buildings, bricks, rubble, concrete blocks, and muck account for about 80%, and the rest are wood, broken glass, lime, metal, packaging, Waterproof materials, various telecommunication lines and power lines, plastic products, etc.; in abandoned old industries and buildings, concrete blocks account for about 50% to 60%, and the rest are metal, bricks, blocks, and plastic products. For construction sites with different structures, the composition ratio of garbage is slightly different, and the amount of garbage varies greatly from site to site due to different construction management conditions.
From 2006 to 2014, the construction area of my country's construction industry showed an exponential growth. It can be seen that the amount of construction waste in my country is also likely to increase exponentially. In terms of inventory, in the past 50 years, China has produced at least 30 billion cubic meters of clay bricks, which will be converted into construction waste in the next 50 years; China’s existing 50 billion square meters of buildings will mostly be converted into construction waste in the next 100 years. Construction waste; in terms of increments, in 2006, the construction area of the national construction industry was 4.102 billion square meters, and by 2015, the construction area of the national construction industry was 12.397 billion square meters, with an average annual growth rate of 13%.
Urgent treatment of construction waste
According to existing incomplete statistics, there are currently 867 construction waste treatment plants in 18 provinces and cities in my country. As of the first half of 2016, there were 867 construction waste treatment plants, of which 238 were standardized construction waste treatment facilities, accounting for construction waste. 28% of the total number of treatment plants; the number of irregular treatment facilities is huge, and there are 32 facilities with landslide risk and 20 facilities with other risks.
Since 2015, a total of 153 construction waste treatment facilities have been put into operation within the scope of the statistics, with a total scale of approximately 5.5 billion tons. The newly commissioned facilities are mainly concentrated in the eastern and central regions. From the statistical data, 64% of the standardized treatment facilities in the statistical scope are newly put into operation after 2015, and construction waste treatment is in a rapid development stage.
At present, my country has only about 70 production lines with an annual disposal capacity of more than 1 million tons of construction waste that have been completed and put into operation and under construction. There are hundreds of small-scale disposal companies, with a total resource utilization of less than 100 million tons; related enterprises are privately-owned Mainly, the actual production capacity of the built-in large-scale production lines is less than 50%, and most of them are in a non-profit state. The overall recycling rate of construction waste is less than 10%, which is far lower than 90% in European and American countries and 95% in Japan and South Korea.
It can be seen from the quantity that the current treatment methods of construction waste in my country are still in the stage of extensive landfill and stacking. For every 10,000 tons of construction waste generated, at least one mu of land is needed for stacking. Studies have shown that as of the end of 2015, the total urban land area of the country was 9.161 million hectares. Among them, the urban area accounts for 46.5%, or 63.898 million mu. Based on 10,000 tons of construction waste covering an area of 2 acres (with a pile height of 5 meters), the current 1.5 billion construction waste generated every year in my country occupies more than 300,000 acres of land resources.
Zero landfill of primary waste is an inevitable trend
The two disposal methods of landfill and stacking, while occupying a large amount of land, will not only cause many environmental pollution problems such as groundwater environmental pollution and landfill gas leakage to pollute the atmospheric environment, but also have the safety caused by excessive stacking. Hidden dangers. The construction waste landfill is actually a construction waste storage and storage field, and its main function is to temporarily store reusable construction waste for reuse when building roads and bridges. With the advancement of urban construction in my country, the demand for landfill storage and storage of construction waste has gradually decreased. Landfilling of construction waste is not the ultimate disposal method. From a national perspective, zero landfill of primary waste is an inevitable trend.
With the deepening of waste classification, special waste treatment will enter the era of targeted treatment. For construction waste, dismantling and filling on the spot and improving the recycling rate will be the main treatment methods. However, due to the long transportation distance and high processing cost, most areas have not yet established a mandatory collection and transportation system. If there are not enough financial subsidies and policy guarantees, it is often difficult for private enterprises to achieve profitability through market mechanisms. However, as construction waste resource treatment enters a period of rapid development on a large scale, this status quo will be changed.
Shanxi Province proposes to encourage qualified areas to take construction waste resource utilization enterprises as the core, plan the construction of new building material industrialization parks, and promote the large-scale, high-efficiency and industrial development of construction waste recycling products. All cities should formulate supporting policies to encourage the development of enterprises that utilize construction waste as a resource by means of rewards, subsidies, and loan interest discounts.
In Beijing, along with the demolition of non-capital functions, the demolition of illegal construction and the transformation of shanty towns, a large amount of construction waste has been generated. The standardized garbage disposal rate should reach 85%, and the resource disposal capacity should be increased to 8 million tons. At present, the capacity of construction waste recycling facilities in Beijing is about 2 to 3 million tons. During the "13th Five-Year Plan" period, Beijing will also plan a processing base in Daxing, Fengtai, Fangshan, Haidian, and Chaoyang. The Gaoantun project, the first fixed disposal terminal PPP project of construction waste in Chaoyang District, Beijing, will be completed in 2018 and can dispose of 1 million tons of construction waste each year.
As the most populous province of our country, Henan Province is in the forefront of the country in its development in the field of construction waste treatment and disposal. According to statistics, the total amount of construction waste generated in Henan Province in 2016 was 105.22 million tons, and the amount of construction waste directly used or recycled reached 48.18 million tons, and the resource utilization rate was 45.79%, which exceeded the 40% resource utilization determined by the provincial government. Use goals. These construction waste can save more than 18 million tons of land and natural raw materials, produce more than 10 billion standard bricks, save more than 1.3 million tons of coal, reduce more than 600,000 tons of carbon dioxide, add more than 4 billion new output value, and stimulate more than 5,000 social employment. At present, 7 cities in Henan Province, including Xuchang, Zhengzhou, Anyang, Xinxiang, Pingdingshan, Jiaozuo, and Yongcheng, have built construction waste resource utilization facilities with an annual processing capacity of about 21 million tons.
In recent years, about 3 million tons of decoration waste has entered the process of collection, transportation and disposal in Shanghai. In order to avoid waste of resources and cause excessive pressure on terminal treatment facilities, resource utilization based on fine sorting will be the main source of decoration waste disposal in Shanghai. the way. Shanghai's first assembly line for sorting and sorting decoration waste and subsequent resource utilization has been put into trial operation on Jinglian Road in Xuhui District. At present, its daily average processing capacity of decoration waste can reach more than 1,500 tons. There are currently 18 construction waste transfer sorting and resource utilization projects like Xuhui District. At present, Caolu Town, Pudong New Area has established a solid waste comprehensive disposal and utilization test base. After the base is fully completed, the estimated disposal capacity: (1) Decoration waste disposal capacity: 600-800 tons/day, return rate after disposal (including incineration) Less than 20%; (2) Waste slag disposal capacity: 150 tons/day; (3) Construction waste disposal capacity: 300 tons/day; (4) Subgrade material processing capacity: 350,000 tons/year.
The “Notice of the General Office of the Provincial Government on Printing and Distributing the Implementation Plan for the Special Action of “Two Reductions, Six Governances and Three Improvements” in Jiangsu Province issued in February 2017 (Suzhengbanfa [2017] No. 30), and put forward the main goal: by 2020 In 2012, we will achieve full coverage of the treatment of kitchen waste in cities above the county level, and complete the construction of construction waste resource utilization facilities in districts and cities. By the end of 2017, cities and counties will prepare and improve plans for the classification and treatment of urban and rural domestic waste, as well as special plans for the treatment of kitchen waste and construction waste. Since 2013, Jiangsu Province has taken the lead in construction waste recycling plants in Changzhou, Suzhou, Yangzhou, Nantong and other cities. The construction waste resource treatment plants have been completed and put into operation one after another. The processing scale of the project is about 1 million tons per year. The products produced are mainly recycled concrete and recycled concrete. Mortar, municipal road bricks and blocks, etc. Among them, the Suzhou Municipal Construction Waste Recycling Resource Utilization Project is a resource conservation and environmental protection demonstration project of the National Development and Reform Commission.
Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, opened three large construction waste treatment plants simultaneously in Zhuantang, Shuangpu and Sandun in July 2017. After being put into operation, they can reach an average annual construction waste treatment capacity of more than 3 million tons. The construction of these three construction waste treatment plants not only fills the gap where there is no large-scale construction waste treatment plant in Hangzhou, but also greatly relieves the pressure of the garbage siege in Hangzhou. According to statistics from the Hangzhou Municipal Muck Office, the amount of construction waste generated in Hangzhou in 2016 was approximately 10 million tons. According to statistics, this number will rise to 15 million tons in the next 3-5 years. As the most difficult and low-value recycling part of construction waste, decoration waste is also included in the treatment range of these three construction waste treatment plants. These factories have introduced decoration waste treatment equipment and technology. After intelligent sorting, transmission, processing, and recycling, the decoration waste can also be recycled into recycled products.
The Department of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of Anhui Province issued the "Notice on the Pilot Program for the Recycling of Construction Waste Resources" in April 2015, identifying the three cities of Huainan, Bengbu, and Suzhou as the pilot cities. As the earliest pilot city for resource utilization of construction waste in Anhui Province, Huainan has cleared and transported more than 3 million tons of construction waste from simple landfills and disorderly piles after a period of operation. Recycling has been carried out, and construction waste has been transformed from random piles to standardized management, which has improved the appearance of the city. At present, construction waste has basically formed a set of standardized management of construction waste from the early generation, collection and transportation to resource utilization in Huainan city. The transportation and stacking of construction waste are gradually standardized, and problems such as vehicle throwing and dust pollution have been effectively curbed. , Effectively improving the city appearance and environment.
Catalyzed by the effects of favorable policies in various regions, the economic chain will be opened up, and related environmental protection industries and enterprises will usher in huge market space. For example, companies entering the new building material industrialization park may enjoy rent reductions and tax reductions. The influx of capital and companies in the future will also promote further cost reductions through economies of scale. The new processing technology will make the processed building materials more marketable.
