With the rapid development of the new energy forklift industry, it has attracted the attention of relevant departments and the market. Xiaobian asked industry people about the high-voltage lithium battery technology in the new energy forklift. Thank you for sharing. We sort it out as follows. The ancients said, "stones from other mountains can attack jade, and words from others can be good to me!" If there are different views, welcome to discuss and discuss together.
Dajia made the following analysis on the product characteristics of high-voltage lithium forklift and expressed their views:
1、 High voltage lithium forklift compatible with automobile charging pile
From the technical point of view, the forklift charging pile is compatible with the car charging pile. Technically, it is not difficult to achieve. Theoretically, it can charge both the car and the forklift. However, in practical application, because the forklift belongs to non Road industrial vehicles, it is unrealistic to share the charging pile with the car on the road, there will also be competition for charging resources, and the electricity charge will be increased accordingly. At present, there are not many use cases.
2、 High voltage brings 12 hour endurance
The endurance time of forklift mainly depends on the amount of electricity and the energy consumption level of forklift, which has little to do with voltage. Through the energy consumption test of high-voltage forklift on the market, according to VDI 2198 standard, the energy consumption of high-voltage lithium forklift is higher. In addition, the energy consumption also depends on the matching and adjustment of forklift dynamic force and hydraulic working part; The overall endurance time is also closely related to the actual application conditions.
3、 Automobile grade voltage platform, automobile grade motor electronic control warranty (5 years)
At present, the cost of automotive voltage platform has not been reduced, which is about + 10 ~ 30% higher than that of low voltage. Automotive high-voltage motor and electronic control suppliers generally provide a five-year warranty. However, in the field of forklift, few manufacturers have promised a five-year warranty period. The reason is that the working conditions of forklift are more complex than that of automobile, and the habit and attention of personnel operation and maintenance are not as good as that of automobile industry.
4、 Internal combustion vehicle drive axle and other components are adopted
At present, the 3-ton electric forklift has adopted the same drive axle as the internal combustion vehicle. The sharing of other main components such as gantry and bogie bridge between the internal combustion vehicle and the tram can achieve better supply coordination and bring more benefits to customers.
5、 Performance surpasses that of internal combustion vehicles
The performance of the forklift depends on the motor you use and the matching of the drive. It is not directly related to the high voltage or low voltage. For example, the lifting speed and acceleration time can also be realized at low voltage. At present, from the performance data of the high-voltage forklift on the market, it does not completely surpass the internal combustion vehicle, such as the climbing ability and lifting speed.
6、 Energy saving permanent magnet synchronous motor
In theory, the efficiency of permanent magnet synchronous motor will be higher and can bring some energy saving. As mentioned above, the energy consumption level of the whole vehicle also depends on many factors, such as the matching and adjustment of forklift power system, and it is possible to smooth the efficiency improvement brought by permanent magnet synchronous motor.
In terms of motor, theoretically, the cost of the same type of motor with different voltage has little difference; The price of PMSM is expected to rise by 10% - 20% compared with that of raw materials; In the long run, if the price of raw materials falls, the price of PMSM with same energy is basically close to that of AC asynchronous motor.
In terms of electronic control, the cost of high-voltage electronic control is theoretically expected to be 20% higher than that of low-voltage, mainly due to the differences between internal key power components IGBT and MOSFET, as well as the differences of electronic components with different withstand voltage levels.
7、 IP67 protection grade
The high-voltage forklift needs a higher protection level, which is a required item, not an additional item. In addition, the safety and insulation factors should be considered. The key parts of the low-voltage forklift have also achieved a higher protection level, but mainly for the requirements of working conditions.
8、 High pressure fast charging for 1 hour
High voltage can realize the rapid filling of battery power. The two main components associated with this are charger and battery. At present, high voltage is compared with low voltage. With charger and battery, the cost of the overall scheme will be relatively high. In some customer working conditions with long working hours, there is a demand for fast charging. From the perspective of customers, fast charging in the future will better enhance the customer experience and bring greater attraction.
In addition, from the perspective of supply chain, so far, the application of low-voltage in forklift truck is mature compared with high-voltage, and still maintains certain advantages. However, in the future, with the development of automotive high voltage, the supply chain will become more and more mature. In a certain period, it will bring some spillover phenomenon and affect the application trend of forklift. In the future, the forklift industry may be a subdivided field of high-voltage lithium battery. At present, the main manufacturers in the market are making the layout of high-voltage lithium battery.
Finally, let's take a look at the significance of high voltage above 300V for forklifts: for forklifts below 3-3.5t, high voltage above 300V has not shown more advantages at present; For forklifts with more than 5 tons, because they have certain advantages in body space, performance, cost and customer working conditions, they will be more meaningful, but more research needs to be done on specific details.
