China is currently the world's largest crane market, but the history of crane development in China is relatively short. Before 2004, do not say more than 250 tons of crawler cranes, even more than 150 tons of crawler cranes are all imported products. At that time, the largest hydraulic crawler crane made in China was a QUY150A type 150 ton crawler crane produced by Fushun excavator factory.
The history of the crane in China originated in the early days of the founding of the people's Republic of China. In 1954, Beijing Jianhua iron works (later renamed Beijing Crane Machinery Factory) successfully manufactured the "Young Pioneers" crane. In addition to using electric coil to hoist goods, the machine relies on manpower for steering and walking. In June of September of the same year, Fushun heavy machinery factory successfully manufactured 2-6 tons of tower cranes. At the end of 1957, the K32 type truck crane was made by copying the K51 type 5 ton mechanical truck crane of the former Soviet Union, and became the first enterprise in China to produce wheel crane. In September 30th of the same year, the Fushun heavy machinery plant successfully manufactured the first 1.5 cubic meters grab crane in China, which could load 90 tons of coal per hour.
In 1958, the Q51 type 5 ton truck crane designed on the basis of K32 was improved in the north, which was produced in many factories in the country after mass production and officially renamed as the Beijing lifting machine factory in August of the same year. In 1960, the improved design of mechanical drive Q81 type 8 ton truck crane and 100 ton bridge crane was successfully tried. The export of Q51 type 5 ton truck crane began to export, and the history of the export of Chinese automobile crane began.
In March 1963, the first Q51 type 5 ton truck crane was laid off from the Xuzhou Heavy Machinery Factory (Xugong Group predecessor). In 1964, North began to develop hydraulic components, laying the foundation for the production of hydraulic cranes. In 1966, according to the principle of "three lines construction", the North plant was divided into two parts, and 235 equipment, about 2600 production technology backbone and family members, all the crane technical drawings were shipped to Luzhou in Sichuan, and the largest local enterprise of the Yangtze River lifting machine factory was established in only one year. In 1968, the Q84 type 8 ton hydraulic truck crane was successfully manufactured. This is the first hydraulic truck crane developed by our country. In 1976, in conjunction with the Changsha Institute of construction machinery research, the QD100 type 100 ton truss arm type truck crane was successfully developed and applied to the Tangshan earthquake emergency rescue.
At this point, the crane industry in China has developed for more than twenty years, although it has formed a certain industrial scale, but there is still a great gap between the technology content and Western countries. The crawler crane is still a blank. In the early 80s, with the reform and opening up, large-scale infrastructure construction began in China, but the urgent need for hydraulic crawler crane still needed high prices from abroad. For this reason, the State adopts the technology of market for technology, and introduces the production technology of medium and small tonnage crawler cranes from Japan and Germany respectively. In 1984, Fushun excavator factory introduced Hitachi technology to produce the first QUY50A type 50 ton hydraulic crawler crane in China. In 1989, mass production of hydraulic crawler cranes was carried out, but the output was very low. Before 2000, the market capacity had been very small and the development speed was extremely slow.
Since 2004, with the rise of China's economy, power, petrochemical, steel and transport infrastructure have entered a climax of construction. The domestic crawler excavator market is expanding rapidly. The strength of the enterprises to increase the research and development of crawler crane, Fushun excavator Manufacturing Co., Ltd. in 2005-2006 years, successively introduced 250 tons and 350 tons of crawler crane, and Xuzhou Heavy Machinery Co., Ltd. launched 300 tons of crawler crane in 2005. In addition to the above two domestic original crawler crane manufacturers. In 2004, Shanghai 31 Technology Co., Ltd. joined the ranks of caterpillar crane manufacturers, introduced 50 tons, 80 tons and 150 tons of crawler crane, and also launched 400 tons of crawler crane in 2006. At the end of 2004, ZOOMLION Pu Yuan Branch launched 200 tons crawler crane, and then launched 70 tons, 100 tons, 160 tons and 50 tons crawler cranes. So far, more than ten tons of crawler cranes have been built in China, and a more comprehensive product spectrum has been formed in 35-400. Fu duo, Xu Zhong, 31, Zhonglian Pu Yuan became the main production enterprises.
At the end of 2006, Xu Zhong and Zhonglian Pu Yuan introduced 450 tons and 600 ton crawler cranes respectively. In 2007, Shanghai 31 Technology launched 630 ton and 900 ton crawler cranes, and 1000 ton class products were launched in 2008. In April 2009, 22, caress dug heavy industry and China's First Metallurgical Construction Co., Ltd. signed a contract for the development of a 1000 ton grade crawler crane, the contract price of 137 million 800 thousand yuan. In September 28, 2009, the QUY1000 1000 ton crawler crane, which was jointly developed by China Unicom and Pu Yuan, was officially released from Dalian University of Technology. The Xuzhou Heavy Duty 1000 ton crawler crane is being developed and will be rolled out in the near future. On behalf of the world's highest level of 1600-3200 ton crawler cranes, 31 technology, Zhonglian Pu Yuan and other enterprises already have R & D strength.
