The engine is one of the most important parts of a car, like a human heart. The electronically controlled diesel high-pressure common rail system is equivalent to the "heart" and "brain" of the diesel engine, and its quality seriously affects the use of the engine.
The diesel engine industry is an important equipment foundation for promoting a country's economic growth and social operation. China is the main market and production country of the global diesel engine. In 2017 only, 22 diesel engines in China sold 3 million 575 thousand and 200 diesel engines, which were widely used in engineering vehicles, agricultural machinery and transportation vehicles.
In the domestic market of electronically controlled diesel engine high pressure common rail system, Germany, the United States and Japan occupy a large share.
High pressure common rail system is the "heart" of diesel engine
The invention of diesel engines, including diesel engines, made many of the human dreams come true: cars, agricultural tractors, aircraft, submarines, tanks and so on, which completely changed the process of social development.
"The electronic control diesel high pressure common rail system is the fuel supply and injection system of the diesel engine. It is also the core component to realize the electronic control function of the diesel engine. It is mainly composed of high pressure oil pump, injector, oil rail, ECU, sensor, actuator and so on." Meng Xiaocong, deputy director of the Yuchai Engineering Institute, said.
As for the importance of the high pressure common rail system for diesel engines, montcong believes that "if the engine is equivalent to the 'heart' of the vehicle, the electronic controlled diesel high pressure common rail system is equivalent to the 'heart' and 'brain' of the diesel engine."
In 2014, in order to control and reduce vehicle emissions and reduce energy consumption, China began to implement the national four emission standards nationwide. In order to meet the emission standards, the high pressure common rail system is basically adopted for vehicle diesel engines.
"The injection pressure of the high pressure common rail system is separated from the injection process," Meng Xiaocong said. "The diesel engine can be injected into the combustor with a high quality and flexibility, and the air is mixed fully to reduce the vibration, fuel consumption and emission of the diesel engine. The diesel engine has changed the image of" loud noise and black smoke "in the eyes of the diesel engine."
The same diesel engine with different high pressure common rail system will have different effects. "If the diesel engine does not work well, the engine performance will deteriorate and the emission can not reach the standard. If the engine is more serious, the engine will be directly on the ground." Meng Xiaocong said.
There is still a gap in performance, function, and quality
At present, the world's main high pressure common rail system suppliers are Germany BOSCH, the German mainland company, the United States Delphi Co, the Japanese electric equipment company and other companies. "At home, foreign enterprises occupy a large share, and their advantages are almost monopolistic." Meng Xiaocong said.
"Domestic enterprises can not do it, such as professional cameras, China can do it, but compared with Japan, the level is a little worse, it is more difficult to do the same cost." Meng Xiaocong said.
In fact, as early as 20 years ago, some universities and institutions in China have carried out R & D of high pressure common rail system, such as Wuxi oil pump and nozzle Research Institute. In recent years, Chengdu Wight, Liaoyang new wind, Longkou dragon pump, Chongqing heavy oil, Nanyue electronic control and other companies have also invested huge capital high pressure common rail projects, and have already realized mass production.
"On the index of failure rate, the domestic common rail system is still hard to reach the level of advanced foreign products." Meng Xiaocong believes that compared with the advanced foreign companies, the domestic high voltage common rail system has a certain gap in performance, function, quality and consistency, and the advantages of the cost are not obvious.
For example, oil pump pressure, foreign enterprises can do 2500bar (kilogram force) or even higher, the domestic system also has a few parts to do so high, but all without the market verification, the quality risk is still high.
Meng Xiaocong said: "this is related to the gap in the basic materials, technology and equipment, such as the injection nozzle needle valve parts, processing precision requirements are very high, our precision can not reach, injection quality is very difficult to go up. For example, the solenoid valve that controls fuel injection is not very mature in China.
In addition, technology barriers, foreign companies attach great importance to the protection of intellectual property rights. "Most of the technical points have been patented, so it's hard for us to get around." Meng Xiaocong said.
Because of the high quality, the cost of using common rail system abroad is also considerable.
Some domestic enterprises that do non road diesel engines have no electric control technical ability reserve. Now if they use the high pressure common rail system of foreign enterprises directly, their prices are very high. "To do a project, the development costs may be tens of millions of yuan, these enterprises will be very laborious." Yuchai Engineering Research Institute fuel system design technology general Mo Zonghua said.
Meng Xiaocong said: "the same type of common rail system imports 20% to 30% more expensive than domestic products, and foreign brands have larger price space."
Start from a little bit of foundation
According to the data of China Automobile Industry Association, in 2017, 22 diesel engine enterprises in China sold 3 million 575 thousand and 200 diesel engines, an increase of 23.98% over the same period last year.
In the face of huge market, the same is to do high-pressure common rail system. Why are we worse than others?
"These are accumulated by bits and pieces. The success of foreign enterprises is based on deep accumulation." Meng Xiaocong has made two impressive examples: workers on the production line. "I have been to one of the top 500 enterprises in the world to produce high pressure common rail systems. They are basically old workers on their production lines. They are very skilled and meticulous in their work. Maybe this is the spirit of craftsman we are advocating now. The two is R & D investment. "For example, developing a ECU software system, foreign enterprises will invest hundreds or even thousands of people to spend several years. And domestic enterprises even 1/10 investment is not.
However, there has been good news on the way to improve the competitiveness of the domestic high pressure common rail system.
In December 2016, Mo Zonghua participated in the "one-stop" research project of the domestic electronically controlled high pressure common rail system in Nanyue electric control. The project is led by Li Jun, the academician of the Chinese Academy of engineering. The aim is to fully integrate the resources of materials, processes, components, host plants and vehicle plants, and establish an industrial alliance to solve key common technologies.
Since 2015, several large domestic diesel engine manufacturers, including Weichai, Yuchai and Xi Chai, have tried to use the common rail system.
"Of course, the mass production of engines is very small at present, this is only a supplement or a backup. With the increasing application of homemade common rail system in vehicle diesel engine, we believe that the competitiveness of domestic common rail system will have a great improvement over the next period. Mo Zonghua said.
In May 26th, Ma Huateng, chairman and chief executive officer of the Tencent board of directors, delivered a speech at the "X Shenzhen summit in the future forum". He believed that China was still relatively weak in basic scientific research. He called on all parties, such as the government, industry and research research, to devote more resources to basic scientific research.
"This is also applicable to diesel engine technology." Meng Xiaocong said.
