Remanufacturing belongs to high-end circular economy. Based on the performance analysis and life evaluation of core components of products, high-tech repair and regeneration are implemented for waste products and components to restore the new life cycle of products.
According to the experience of foreign engineering machinery remanufacturing, compared with new products, remanufacturing can save 60% energy, 70% materials, 50% cost and reduce air pollution emissions by more than 80%, which is of great significance for energy conservation and emission reduction. Under the background of carbon neutralization, remanufacturing is undoubtedly in line with the lofty ideal of the community of human destiny.
However, more than 10 years have passed, and the remanufacturing of construction machinery and equipment has changed from being sought after to being silent. What is the reason why the remanufacturing of excavators can not be done?
Remanufacturing is not an academic problem, but a market problem
Remanufacturing is a process that takes the old machine as the core and uses special processes and technologies to revitalize the old machine. The price of remanufactured products must be much lower than that of new products, and the performance and quality must reach or exceed that of the original new products.
Since November 2009, China has approved several pilot remanufacturing enterprises and invested a lot of funds to support them. At that time, it was the highlight of the construction machinery market, and many enterprises invested in Equipment Remanufacturing. Nowadays, except that the remanufacturing of shield machine has created good economic and social benefits, the remanufacturing of other equipment seems to have ceased.
Taking excavators as an example, the main engine manufacturers only do the remanufacturing of core components. Their main business is manufacturing excavators. Of course, they do not want to compete with the main business. However, enterprises engaged in the remanufacturing of excavators eventually face a dilemma with no market for products.
There are many reasons why excavator remanufacturing has come to a dead end, one of which is that the standard is too high. Just imagine, if the performance of the remanufactured excavator exceeds that of the new excavator and the price is only 50% - 60% of the new one, will the main engine factory be closed?
In order to prevent some enterprises from enclosure or defrauding state support funds in the name of remanufacturing, the review institutions have strictly reviewed the investment, equipment and standards of remanufacturing. As a result, the standards are higher and higher and the investment is larger and larger, resulting in high remanufacturing costs, concepts, products but no market. Those enterprises engaged in the remanufacturing of excavators have also changed to the guarantee base of second mobile phone and leasing business because of the lack of price competitiveness.
Academic institutions have done a lot of scientific research on remanufacturing, and many papers have been published, involving new processes and technologies for surface free repair. However, remanufacturing is not an academic issue. Customers do not understand remanufactured products, and the market does not accept remanufacturing prices. What is the significance of a high remanufacturing level? If remanufactured products are not circulated, they will not contribute to the circular economy.
The author's point of view is that the purpose of remanufacturing is the recycling of resources. Only when remanufactured products are sold can they play a role. The more enterprises engaged in remanufacturing, the greater their contribution to environmental protection, the higher the threshold of remanufacturing and the fewer enterprises involved. What are the benefits to the circular economy? The government should also subsidize remanufacturing enterprises instead of remanufacturing products, so as to ensure the actual effect of remanufacturing.
It has become a politically correct "gimmick"
Every main engine plant of construction machinery is calling for remanufacturing. Because of political correctness and social responsibility, no one has considered economic benefits. Some main engine plants even put brand-new parts on Remanufacturing signs and sell them at a lower price to protect the price system of original parts and improve the competitiveness of parts. Such fraud can be seen everywhere. The feasibility reports of almost all remanufacturing projects are on paper, and the economic benefits of remanufacturing are affected by many factors.
First of all, to make the core of remanufacturing excavator, the residual value must be very low in order to produce better economic benefits. Many enterprises use creditor's rights equipment or old for new second-hand equipment for remanufacturing, the blank residual value is too high, and the economic benefit is very poor.
How can enterprises obtain old equipment for remanufacturing for more than 10 years? How does reverse logistics operate? Many brands have no customer relationship management system at all, and have long lost contact with customers with old equipment. In addition, the equipment model is updated quickly, and the ownership of many old equipment is not high, which increases the difficulty of remanufacturing blank recycling.
Secondly, with the upgrading of diesel engine emission standards, how can China 2 diesel engines meet the standards above China 4 through remanufacturing? Does the environmental protection department recognize the addition of tail gas post-treatment device? How to supervise? Where do the remanufactured parts come from after the emission standard of the main engine reaches national 4?
Enterprises engaged in excavator remanufacturing need to think clearly about one thing: the main engine factory does not want to see remanufactured excavators compete with new excavators in the market. They hope that the second-hand equipment will be scrapped as soon as possible, so as to have space to sell new excavators, otherwise where will the growth come from?
Third, the environmental protection upgrade has reduced the service life of excavators from 10 years to 5 years. Many equipment will be eliminated when they are half new. It is difficult to improve the emission standard of old engines through remanufacturing. In the future, the electrification of excavators will put forward new topics for remanufacturing. Where should excavator remanufacturing go?
Thinking about the future of excavator Remanufacturing
China has formulated a carbon neutralization strategy and promised the world that carbon dioxide emissions will reach a peak by 2030, achieve carbon neutralization by 2060, and the proportion of non petrochemical energy will reach about 20% by 2025, which means that the proportion of diesel driven excavators will continue to decrease, which will completely change the current situation of the construction machinery industry.
Stimulated by the price war, the sales volume of excavators in the Chinese market continues to reach a new high, and at the same time, it also produces huge waste. There are more than 2 million excavators in the market, the main engine factory has serious overcapacity, the inventory of dealer equipment and accessories is overstocked, a large number of equipment in the hands of users are idle, the equipment operating rate is seriously insufficient, and more than 1.5 million old equipment are facing elimination, All these will cause great harm to the economy and the environment.
China's construction machinery industry has achieved the goal of No. 1 in the world by extensive means. Is this good or bad for excavator remanufacturing? When a large number of electric excavators are introduced to the market, how should excavator remanufacturing develop?
The change of new energy and electrification has brought new opportunities to remanufacturing. Dealers can cooperate with battery suppliers to remanufacture excavators by "changing oil to electricity" at the lowest cost, and recycle the obsolete excavators, which will bring spring to remanufacturing; Dealers can also cooperate with parts suppliers to customize new electric excavators according to user needs, and cooperate with technology companies to configure driverless and automatic construction according to customer needs.
In the future, excavator manufacturing will no longer be the exclusive right of the main engine plant, and the relationship between the strong main engine plant and the weak dealers will change. After adding manufacturing elements, the dealers can provide products according to the needs of customers, and remanufacturing can really give play to the effect of circular economy.
The community of human destiny is the space on which we all live. Since the industrial revolution, mankind has accelerated the pursuit of material consumption and wealth possession, over exploitation and waste of resources, and the environment has been damaged. China is also repeating this extensive development process. Fortunately, we have begun to wake up and realize that there is only one earth. Only by protecting this beautiful and unique earth can human beings survive longer, protect the environment and save resources, and can we effectively practice the green development concept of carbon neutralization.
It's time to change the remanufacturing mode of "politically correct, the result can't", otherwise what's the significance? Never forget the original intention and keep the mission in mind. The original intention of remanufacturing is to save resources and protect the environment. The more remanufactured products are sold, the greater the significance of environmental protection.
