Excavators equipped with breakers for demolition and breaking work face high-strength continuous vibration, huge impact, and dust pollution for a long time. This easily causes pipeline rupture, bolt loosening, structural cracking, cab damage, and operator fatigue. This guide provides anti-vibration, anti-loosening, safety protection, and targeted maintenance measures to ensure the reliability and safety of excavators in demolition conditions.
Anti-vibration and anti-loosening maintenance of the whole machine is the core. High-frequency vibration of the breaker easily causes bolts to loosen, pipelines to rupture, and welds to crack. Use spring washers, thread adhesives, and high-strength bolts at key connections. Check the tightness of boom, arm, and frame bolts daily, especially the connecting bolts of the breaker. Reinforce easily loosened parts and use anti-vibration joints for hydraulic pipelines to avoid fracture and oil leakage.
Hydraulic system impact and pressure protection. The breaker has a large instantaneous impact on the hydraulic system, easily causing damage to pumps and valves. Install special overload valves and shock absorbers for the breaker to buffer pressure impact. Use anti-wear and anti-foaming hydraulic oil and shorten the oil change cycle. Check for oil leakage and abnormal pressure daily; replace damaged seals and valves in time.
Structural part anti-crack and fatigue maintenance. Long-term vibration causes fatigue cracks in the boom, arm, and frame. Check welds and stress concentration areas daily; repair cracks immediately to avoid expansion. Reinforce key parts during regular maintenance. Avoid empty hitting of the breaker and hitting for a long time to reduce structural fatigue.
Cab safety and anti-vibration protection. The cab is equipped with reinforced FOPS/ROPS protective structures to prevent falling objects and rollover injuries. Install high-performance shock-absorbing pads to reduce vibration transmission and protect the operator's health. Strengthen glass fixing and install protective nets to prevent splashing debris from breaking the glass. Check the reliability of safety devices daily.
Tool and connecting device maintenance. Check the wear of the breaker chisel, piston, and seal daily; replace worn parts in time. Keep the connecting device clean and well lubricated to avoid jamming and abnormal wear. Do not use the breaker to lift or pry objects to avoid overload damage.
Engine and cooling system protection. Continuous high-load operation easily causes overheating. Clean radiators frequently to remove dust. Check water temperature, oil temperature, and oil pressure daily. Avoid long-term idle speed after breaking operation; idle properly to cool down before shutdown.
Pipeline and wiring harness anti-vibration protection. Use anti-vibration clamps to fix hydraulic pipelines and wiring harnesses to avoid friction and breakage caused by vibration. Wrap vulnerable parts with protective sleeves. Check for wear, cracks, and oil leakage daily; replace damaged parts in time.
Operator health and safety protection. The cab is equipped with a high-efficiency air filter and air conditioning to reduce dust and noise. Operators should wear safety helmets and goggles. Arrange reasonable work shifts to avoid long-term continuous vibration operation and reduce occupational disease risks.
Daily inspection and regular maintenance. Conduct a daily anti-vibration inspection focusing on bolts, pipelines, and structural cracks. Conduct a comprehensive maintenance of hydraulic oil, filters, and shock-absorbing devices every week. Conduct a structural crack detection and reinforcement every month to ensure safe operation.
In summary, the maintenance of excavators in demolition conditions focuses on anti-vibration, anti-loosening, hydraulic impact protection, and cab safety. Strict implementation can reduce failures and ensure the safety of personnel and equipment.
