For the manufacturing industry, this year's government work report puts forward, "Promote the upgrading of my country's manufacturing industry and the development of emerging industries, develop industrial Internet, promote intelligent manufacturing, and improve the support of technological innovation."
my country is the world's largest manufacturing country with an independent and complete industrial system. It is the only country in the world that has all the industrial categories of the UN industry classification. However, we must also see that there are many shortcomings and weaknesses in our economic system, and the overall coordination of economic and social development is still insufficient. The industrial chain and supply chain in many industries are not yet perfect, especially some core technologies and key technologies in the manufacturing industry, and some key technical links and key components in the production process, there are bottleneck constraints. In this regard, we must increase the sense of urgency, profoundly analyze the trends in the adjustment of the world economy and industrial layout after the epidemic, study and formulate a medium- and long-term development plan to comprehensively improve the level of China's modern manufacturing industry, and resolve to solve the problems in China's industrial development. Make great efforts to improve the modern production capacity and modern technology level of China's manufacturing industry, and promote the high-quality development of manufacturing industry.
Fan Bin, deputy director of the Industrial Policy and Regulation Department of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, said recently that uncertainties affecting the global economy and industrial development have increased, and the pattern of global industrial division is facing major adjustments. This not only increases the risk of global economic recession to a certain extent, And will promote a new round of global technological change and industrial chain reconstruction. How to explore the "contingency strategy" for innovation and development in the "changing situation" is an important issue to be solved urgently in my country's equipment manufacturing industry.
Shi Yong, deputy dean of the Machinery Industry Information Research Institute and deputy director of the CITIC Think Tank Alliance, believes that more and more countries regard the risk of the industrial chain as a major systemic risk, and the layout of the entire industrial chain of advanced manufacturing has risen to National security strategy, some countries even redefine the scope of "national security" and "strategic emerging industries". The global manufacturing value chain and industrial chain are facing reconstruction. For China, the application of a new generation of information technology and the development of new infrastructure have provided strong support for the transformation of the equipment manufacturing industry.
1. How easy it is for Japan to interrupt the Chinese supply chain
In April of this year, Japan’s Alice Oyama agreed to begin production of much-needed masks in Japan. When the Chinese factory was shut down due to the epidemic, Japan allocated 2 billion US dollars to attract Japanese companies to transfer their production back to China. Due to the soaring demand for masks in Japan, it is reasonable to produce masks in China. But Alice is the only large Japanese company known to date to use subsidies.
Many other (in China) Japanese companies said that it would be impractical and economical to transfer production back to China. They need to actually exist in China, because many products end up facing Chinese consumers, and they must meet the requirements of "on-time" production, that is, give priority to shortening the delivery time to achieve efficient production. A spokesman for Yorozu, which manufactures automotive parts such as suspensions, said: "The parts we produce are very large, so we have to be close to customers to control costs."
For Japanese automakers, relying on China, the world’s largest auto market supplier, is also a good deal. The three major Japanese automakers Toyota, Nissan and Honda all have at least three R&D centers in China, and their suppliers are also close behind. A Japanese parts supplier said: "Where software is developed, hardware is developed and manufactured. If the government's new incentives only focus on returning manufacturing to Japan and neglect R&D, it will be misleading."
According to a survey by the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry of Japan, as of March 2018, Japanese companies had at least 7,400 branches in China, a 60% increase from 2008. Another survey showed that in the same year, Japanese manufacturing companies in China sold US$252 billion in goods, of which 73% were sold in China and 17% were exported to Japan.
For many Japanese companies, China is still the cheaper option. Panel and TV manufacturer Sharp manufactures ultra-thin panel units in Japan and then ships them to China, where they add backlights, connectors and other components-a process that requires constant manual testing and machine adjustments. A Sharp spokesperson said: "For a long time, the back-end process has been completed in China because it is labor-intensive. If it is transferred back to Japan, the cost will be high."
2. The manufacturing industry encounters problems, intelligent technology gives the answer
"The international situation is full of uncertainty, international trade frictions have caused the supply chain of the industrial chain to be blocked, and the digital economy has shown new momentum during the anti-epidemic process, allowing Chinese manufacturing companies to see both challenges and opportunities." Chu Jian, founder of Ningbo Industrial Internet Research Institute, said.
"Market demand tends to be customized, multi-variety, and high-end. Manufacturing companies must keep pace with the market, accelerate the development of intelligent manufacturing and digital transformation, and promote the integration of intelligent technology and manufacturing technology. In fact, the US Advanced Manufacturing Program, German Industry 4.0 The core of the three major strategies for the transformation and upgrading of Chinese enterprises is intelligent manufacturing." Tan Jianrong, academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, introduced that intelligent manufacturing and digital transformation require key technologies. For example, artificial intelligence has 8 key technologies such as deep learning algorithms and pattern recognition algorithms. High-end talents need to continue to tackle key issues, and there is a long way to go.
As the "leader" of the collaboration between intelligent machines and industrial manufacturing, Wang Yaonan, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, believes that intelligent manufacturing is the key support for the fourth industrial revolution, adopts industrial Internet technology, and builds all the elements through the comprehensive interconnection of people, machines, and things. The new industrial manufacturing and service system with full industrial chain and full value chain connection is an important driver for promoting the transformation and upgrading of traditional manufacturing and achieving high-quality economic development.
Advanced manufacturing is the main body of the real economy and the key to the current "six stability" work and the implementation of the "six guarantees" task. At the same time, deploy the innovation chain around the industry chain, lay out the industry chain around the innovation chain, optimize the policy mechanism, strengthen the park carrier, and develop energy-saving and environmental protection characteristic industrial clusters with the direction of "low carbonization and high-end"; take "intelligence and integration" "Strengthen the high-end equipment manufacturing industry cluster with the orientation of "Advanced and High Performance", and create a new material industry cluster with the aim of continuing to promote the advanced manufacturing industry to accelerate the expansion and expansion in the direction of digitization, networking and intelligence.
3. my country needs to improve and perfect the manufacturing industry supply chain
Han Yongwen, deputy chairman of the China International Economic Exchange Center and a special researcher in the State Council’s Counselor's Office, believes that in the long run, you should seize the key links that are conducive to improving the manufacturing industry chain and supply chain, and take targeted measures in the following aspects Effectively:
First, grasp the opportunity for major adjustments in the global industrial chain of the manufacturing industry after the epidemic, and use big data and other technical means to strengthen information collection and analysis. Relevant departments should step up the collection, sorting, and analysis of the actual situation of China’s industrial chain and supply chain development, especially to identify the weak links in the industrial chain and supply chain in the development of high-end industries, organize forces to carry out integrated research, coordinate research, and strengthen important The technological research and development of the manufacturing sector, key production links and key materials, key components, and key production processes enhance the overall strength of China's manufacturing industry and the overall technical level of advanced manufacturing.
Second, give full play to the huge role of my country's ultra-large market and attract overseas high-end industrial chains to settle down. Taking the opportunity of implementing the Foreign Investment Law as an opportunity to improve the level of government services, effectively strengthen the protection of property rights including intellectual property rights, further improve the foreign investment environment, attract more overseas high-end manufacturing and key component production enterprises to land, and create advanced manufacturing Industry and key industrial chains, supply chains, and research and development chains, foreign investment highlands, form an advanced manufacturing system, solve the current worries of the industrial chain and supply chain, expand the development space of upstream and downstream industries, better radiate and stabilize the global industrial chain and supply chain. We must also support domestic qualified and capable manufacturing enterprises to actively invest in overseas markets, and strengthen investment cooperation with some foreign advanced manufacturing enterprises and R&D institutions, so as to promote the improvement of my country's industrial development strength and scientific research capabilities.
Third, consolidate and enhance my country's advantage of having an independent and complete industrial system, and further optimize the development layout of the entire industry chain. First, insist on starting from the national conditions, give full play to the advantages of China's wide geographical area and abundant labor resources, focus on the characteristics of uneven development between regions and differences in industrial layout in China, and better tap the spatial potential of the industrial structure cascade transfer, and at the same time base on the exploration The potential of China's ultra-large-scale and different levels of market demand can better guide the effective allocation of factor resources. The second is to scientifically formulate regional spatial layout plans, improve the coordinated development mechanism of regional economy, and guide localities according to different resource endowments and factor conditions, adapt to local conditions, give play to their comparative advantages, optimize the layout of productive forces, and improve the domestic industrial chain and supply chain. The third is to guide and support market players to carry out rational and economic industrial chain and supply chain layout according to the needs of industrial development through more powerful and effective fiscal, tax, financial, and technical support policies. Fourth, encourage and support enterprises to give priority to the use of domestic equipment and domestic components, promote the coordinated, orderly, and healthy development of China's entire industrial chain and supply chain, and gradually form inter-regional, inter-industry, and inter-enterprise complementary industries, complementary production, The internal economic connection and production division of labor in complementary supply effectively achieve their respective comparative benefits.
It should be noted that in a complete industrial chain and supply chain, both middle and high-end industries or low-end industries are indispensable "chain links", which together form an organic whole, just like manufacturing a High-end CNC machine tools require not only a computer system with intelligent programming, but also tools, chucks, screws, nuts, etc. In the process of further strengthening the supply chain construction of the manufacturing industry chain and building our country's industrial security system, we need to observe the problems, think about the problems, and give countermeasures from the perspective of promoting high-quality development, and we must not lose sight of each other or split the ground. Look at the problem.
